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:''Saw Hla Wun redirects here. This article is about the chief queen of Narathihapate. For other people named Pwa Saw, see Pwa Saw (disambiguation).'' Pwa Saw ((ビルマ語:ဖွားစော) (:pʰwá sɔ́); also known as Saw Hla Wun (စောလှဝန်း, (:sɔ́ l̥a̰ wʊ́ɴ)); 1240– 1295/96 or 1310s) was a chief queen consort of King Narathihapate of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). She is remembered as witty, wise, and beautiful, and as someone who exercised political influence for four decades during one of the most difficult periods in the country's history. Historians are divided as to whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact. Hla Wun was the most well known of the three historical Pagan period queens known by the epithet Pwa Saw (lit. "Queen Grandmother", or queen dowager). The queen was the benevolent power behind the throne, shielding the public and the court from the erratic pronouncements of Narathihapate, whom chronicles describe as arrogant, gluttonous, quick-tempered, paranoid and ruthless. By using her wit, she skillfully stayed out of the king's paranoid suspicions. Although she was not always successful, the queen often managed to talk the king into changing his numerous rash decisions, and making wise state decisions. Hla Wun continued to wield influence even after Narathihapate's death in 1287. As the leader of the court, the dowager queen put Kyawswa on the throne in 1289. But she was disappointed by Kyawswa's inability to restore the fallen Pagan Empire. Chronicles say that she organized a coup against Kyawswa in 1297, and remained an ''éminence grise'' well into the 1310s. She is said to have given her blessing to King Thihathu's claim as the rightful successor of the Pagan kings in 1313. However, one analysis of the contemporary inscriptions, though not universally accepted, finds that she may have died as early as 1295/96, and that the Pwa Saw who lived in the early 14th century was Saw Thitmahti. ==Background== Much of her life known in Burmese popular culture is from the Burmese chronicles from the 18th and 19th centuries. Inscriptional evidence tells a far different story. Modern historians are divided on whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.〔Locklard 2009: 43–44〕 According to the chronicles, Saw Hla Wun was born to a wealthy farming family in a small village named Hseit-htein Kanbyu ()〔Spelling per (Hmannan Vol 1 2003: 335, 338). ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 236) spells it as ဆိတ်တိန်းကမ်းဖြူ, Hseit-tein Kanbyu.〕 in the Mount Popa region c. 1240–44.〔She was 11 when she became a junior wife of Uzana in the month of Nadaw (~November/December) in an unspecified year. Since Uzana reigned from c. May 1251 to May 1256, she was born sometime between 1240 and 1244. Furthermore, (Lockard 2009: 43) says she was born c. 1237. He seems to have simply subtracted her chronicle reported age of 12 from the ''Hmannan Yazawin'' chronicle reported accession date of Uzana, 1249. This has three issues: (1) the age of 12 in the Burmese chronicles is equal to 11 in Western age reckoning; (2) ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'', considered to be the most accurate chronicle for the Pagan period, says Uzana came to power in 1251; and (3) chronicles do not say that Uzana met her in the first year of his reign as Lockard has assumed.〕 Apparently a precocious child, Hla Wun became well known in the region for her intellect and supposed clairvoyance at a young age. One November, King Uzana, who was en route to Mount Popa to pay respects to the Mahagiri spirit there, heard the news about her, and had her brought before him. The king is said to have been greatly impressed by her intelligence, and made her a junior queen of his.〔Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 335–336〕〔(Pe, Luce 1960: 157): "less than a queen, more than a concubine".〕 However, a contemporary inscription dedicated by the queen herself states that she was a granddaughter of King Kyaswa and Queen Saw Mon Hla. She was the second child of seven; she had an elder sister Yadanabon, and three younger brothers and two younger sisters. Her mother was an elder sister of Queen Thonlula, the chief queen of Uzana.〔Ba Shin 1982: 37〕 It means that Hla Wun was a niece of Thonlula, as well as a first cousin, once removed of Uzana. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「:'''''Saw Hla Wun''' redirects here. This article is about the chief queen of Narathihapate. For other people named Pwa Saw, see Pwa Saw (disambiguation).'''''Pwa Saw''' ((ビルマ語:ဖွားစော) (:pʰwá sɔ́); also known as '''Saw Hla Wun''' (စောလှဝန်း, (:sɔ́ l̥a̰ wʊ́ɴ)); 1240– 1295/96 or 1310s) was a chief queen consort of King Narathihapate of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). She is remembered as witty, wise, and beautiful, and as someone who exercised political influence for four decades during one of the most difficult periods in the country's history. Historians are divided as to whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.Hla Wun was the most well known of the three historical Pagan period queens known by the epithet Pwa Saw (lit. "Queen Grandmother", or queen dowager). The queen was the benevolent power behind the throne, shielding the public and the court from the erratic pronouncements of Narathihapate, whom chronicles describe as arrogant, gluttonous, quick-tempered, paranoid and ruthless. By using her wit, she skillfully stayed out of the king's paranoid suspicions. Although she was not always successful, the queen often managed to talk the king into changing his numerous rash decisions, and making wise state decisions.Hla Wun continued to wield influence even after Narathihapate's death in 1287. As the leader of the court, the dowager queen put Kyawswa on the throne in 1289. But she was disappointed by Kyawswa's inability to restore the fallen Pagan Empire. Chronicles say that she organized a coup against Kyawswa in 1297, and remained an ''éminence grise'' well into the 1310s. She is said to have given her blessing to King Thihathu's claim as the rightful successor of the Pagan kings in 1313. However, one analysis of the contemporary inscriptions, though not universally accepted, finds that she may have died as early as 1295/96, and that the Pwa Saw who lived in the early 14th century was Saw Thitmahti.==Background==Much of her life known in Burmese popular culture is from the Burmese chronicles from the 18th and 19th centuries. Inscriptional evidence tells a far different story. Modern historians are divided on whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.Locklard 2009: 43–44According to the chronicles, Saw Hla Wun was born to a wealthy farming family in a small village named Hseit-htein Kanbyu ()Spelling per (Hmannan Vol 1 2003: 335, 338). ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 236) spells it as ဆိတ်တိန်းကမ်းဖြူ, Hseit-tein Kanbyu. in the Mount Popa region c. 1240–44.She was 11 when she became a junior wife of Uzana in the month of Nadaw (~November/December) in an unspecified year. Since Uzana reigned from c. May 1251 to May 1256, she was born sometime between 1240 and 1244. Furthermore, (Lockard 2009: 43) says she was born c. 1237. He seems to have simply subtracted her chronicle reported age of 12 from the ''Hmannan Yazawin'' chronicle reported accession date of Uzana, 1249. This has three issues: (1) the age of 12 in the Burmese chronicles is equal to 11 in Western age reckoning; (2) ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'', considered to be the most accurate chronicle for the Pagan period, says Uzana came to power in 1251; and (3) chronicles do not say that Uzana met her in the first year of his reign as Lockard has assumed. Apparently a precocious child, Hla Wun became well known in the region for her intellect and supposed clairvoyance at a young age. One November, King Uzana, who was en route to Mount Popa to pay respects to the Mahagiri spirit there, heard the news about her, and had her brought before him. The king is said to have been greatly impressed by her intelligence, and made her a junior queen of his.Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 335–336(Pe, Luce 1960: 157): "less than a queen, more than a concubine".However, a contemporary inscription dedicated by the queen herself states that she was a granddaughter of King Kyaswa and Queen Saw Mon Hla. She was the second child of seven; she had an elder sister Yadanabon, and three younger brothers and two younger sisters. Her mother was an elder sister of Queen Thonlula, the chief queen of Uzana.Ba Shin 1982: 37 It means that Hla Wun was a niece of Thonlula, as well as a first cousin, once removed of Uzana.」の詳細全文を読む :''Saw Hla Wun redirects here. This article is about the chief queen of Narathihapate. For other people named Pwa Saw, see Pwa Saw (disambiguation).'' Pwa Saw ((ビルマ語:ဖွားစော) (:pʰwá sɔ́); also known as Saw Hla Wun (စောလှဝန်း, (:sɔ́ l̥a̰ wʊ́ɴ)); 1240– 1295/96 or 1310s) was a chief queen consort of King Narathihapate of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). She is remembered as witty, wise, and beautiful, and as someone who exercised political influence for four decades during one of the most difficult periods in the country's history. Historians are divided as to whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact. Hla Wun was the most well known of the three historical Pagan period queens known by the epithet Pwa Saw (lit. "Queen Grandmother", or queen dowager). The queen was the benevolent power behind the throne, shielding the public and the court from the erratic pronouncements of Narathihapate, whom chronicles describe as arrogant, gluttonous, quick-tempered, paranoid and ruthless. By using her wit, she skillfully stayed out of the king's paranoid suspicions. Although she was not always successful, the queen often managed to talk the king into changing his numerous rash decisions, and making wise state decisions. Hla Wun continued to wield influence even after Narathihapate's death in 1287. As the leader of the court, the dowager queen put Kyawswa on the throne in 1289. But she was disappointed by Kyawswa's inability to restore the fallen Pagan Empire. Chronicles say that she organized a coup against Kyawswa in 1297, and remained an ''éminence grise'' well into the 1310s. She is said to have given her blessing to King Thihathu's claim as the rightful successor of the Pagan kings in 1313. However, one analysis of the contemporary inscriptions, though not universally accepted, finds that she may have died as early as 1295/96, and that the Pwa Saw who lived in the early 14th century was Saw Thitmahti. ==Background== Much of her life known in Burmese popular culture is from the Burmese chronicles from the 18th and 19th centuries. Inscriptional evidence tells a far different story. Modern historians are divided on whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.〔Locklard 2009: 43–44〕 According to the chronicles, Saw Hla Wun was born to a wealthy farming family in a small village named Hseit-htein Kanbyu ()〔Spelling per (Hmannan Vol 1 2003: 335, 338). ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 236) spells it as ဆိတ်တိန်းကမ်းဖြူ, Hseit-tein Kanbyu.〕 in the Mount Popa region c. 1240–44.〔She was 11 when she became a junior wife of Uzana in the month of Nadaw (~November/December) in an unspecified year. Since Uzana reigned from c. May 1251 to May 1256, she was born sometime between 1240 and 1244. Furthermore, (Lockard 2009: 43) says she was born c. 1237. He seems to have simply subtracted her chronicle reported age of 12 from the ''Hmannan Yazawin'' chronicle reported accession date of Uzana, 1249. This has three issues: (1) the age of 12 in the Burmese chronicles is equal to 11 in Western age reckoning; (2) ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'', considered to be the most accurate chronicle for the Pagan period, says Uzana came to power in 1251; and (3) chronicles do not say that Uzana met her in the first year of his reign as Lockard has assumed.〕 Apparently a precocious child, Hla Wun became well known in the region for her intellect and supposed clairvoyance at a young age. One November, King Uzana, who was en route to Mount Popa to pay respects to the Mahagiri spirit there, heard the news about her, and had her brought before him. The king is said to have been greatly impressed by her intelligence, and made her a junior queen of his.〔Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 335–336〕〔(Pe, Luce 1960: 157): "less than a queen, more than a concubine".〕 However, a contemporary inscription dedicated by the queen herself states that she was a granddaughter of King Kyaswa and Queen Saw Mon Hla. She was the second child of seven; she had an elder sister Yadanabon, and three younger brothers and two younger sisters. Her mother was an elder sister of Queen Thonlula, the chief queen of Uzana.〔Ba Shin 1982: 37〕 It means that Hla Wun was a niece of Thonlula, as well as a first cousin, once removed of Uzana. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「:''Saw Hla Wun redirects here. This article is about the chief queen of Narathihapate. For other people named Pwa Saw, see Pwa Saw (disambiguation).''Pwa Saw ((ビルマ語:ဖွားစော) (:pʰwá sɔ́); also known as Saw Hla Wun''' (စောလှဝန်း, (:sɔ́ l̥a̰ wʊ́ɴ)); 1240– 1295/96 or 1310s) was a chief queen consort of King Narathihapate of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). She is remembered as witty, wise, and beautiful, and as someone who exercised political influence for four decades during one of the most difficult periods in the country's history. Historians are divided as to whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.Hla Wun was the most well known of the three historical Pagan period queens known by the epithet Pwa Saw (lit. "Queen Grandmother", or queen dowager). The queen was the benevolent power behind the throne, shielding the public and the court from the erratic pronouncements of Narathihapate, whom chronicles describe as arrogant, gluttonous, quick-tempered, paranoid and ruthless. By using her wit, she skillfully stayed out of the king's paranoid suspicions. Although she was not always successful, the queen often managed to talk the king into changing his numerous rash decisions, and making wise state decisions.Hla Wun continued to wield influence even after Narathihapate's death in 1287. As the leader of the court, the dowager queen put Kyawswa on the throne in 1289. But she was disappointed by Kyawswa's inability to restore the fallen Pagan Empire. Chronicles say that she organized a coup against Kyawswa in 1297, and remained an ''éminence grise'' well into the 1310s. She is said to have given her blessing to King Thihathu's claim as the rightful successor of the Pagan kings in 1313. However, one analysis of the contemporary inscriptions, though not universally accepted, finds that she may have died as early as 1295/96, and that the Pwa Saw who lived in the early 14th century was Saw Thitmahti.==Background==Much of her life known in Burmese popular culture is from the Burmese chronicles from the 18th and 19th centuries. Inscriptional evidence tells a far different story. Modern historians are divided on whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.Locklard 2009: 43–44According to the chronicles, Saw Hla Wun was born to a wealthy farming family in a small village named Hseit-htein Kanbyu ()Spelling per (Hmannan Vol 1 2003: 335, 338). ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 236) spells it as ဆိတ်တိန်းကမ်းဖြူ, Hseit-tein Kanbyu. in the Mount Popa region c. 1240–44.She was 11 when she became a junior wife of Uzana in the month of Nadaw (~November/December) in an unspecified year. Since Uzana reigned from c. May 1251 to May 1256, she was born sometime between 1240 and 1244. Furthermore, (Lockard 2009: 43) says she was born c. 1237. He seems to have simply subtracted her chronicle reported age of 12 from the ''Hmannan Yazawin'' chronicle reported accession date of Uzana, 1249. This has three issues: (1) the age of 12 in the Burmese chronicles is equal to 11 in Western age reckoning; (2) ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'', considered to be the most accurate chronicle for the Pagan period, says Uzana came to power in 1251; and (3) chronicles do not say that Uzana met her in the first year of his reign as Lockard has assumed. Apparently a precocious child, Hla Wun became well known in the region for her intellect and supposed clairvoyance at a young age. One November, King Uzana, who was en route to Mount Popa to pay respects to the Mahagiri spirit there, heard the news about her, and had her brought before him. The king is said to have been greatly impressed by her intelligence, and made her a junior queen of his.Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 335–336(Pe, Luce 1960: 157): "less than a queen, more than a concubine".However, a contemporary inscription dedicated by the queen herself states that she was a granddaughter of King Kyaswa and Queen Saw Mon Hla. She was the second child of seven; she had an elder sister Yadanabon, and three younger brothers and two younger sisters. Her mother was an elder sister of Queen Thonlula, the chief queen of Uzana.Ba Shin 1982: 37 It means that Hla Wun was a niece of Thonlula, as well as a first cousin, once removed of Uzana.」の詳細全文を読む Saw Hla Wun''' (စောလှဝန်း, (:sɔ́ l̥a̰ wʊ́ɴ)); 1240– 1295/96 or 1310s) was a chief queen consort of King Narathihapate of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). She is remembered as witty, wise, and beautiful, and as someone who exercised political influence for four decades during one of the most difficult periods in the country's history. Historians are divided as to whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.Hla Wun was the most well known of the three historical Pagan period queens known by the epithet Pwa Saw (lit. "Queen Grandmother", or queen dowager). The queen was the benevolent power behind the throne, shielding the public and the court from the erratic pronouncements of Narathihapate, whom chronicles describe as arrogant, gluttonous, quick-tempered, paranoid and ruthless. By using her wit, she skillfully stayed out of the king's paranoid suspicions. Although she was not always successful, the queen often managed to talk the king into changing his numerous rash decisions, and making wise state decisions.Hla Wun continued to wield influence even after Narathihapate's death in 1287. As the leader of the court, the dowager queen put Kyawswa on the throne in 1289. But she was disappointed by Kyawswa's inability to restore the fallen Pagan Empire. Chronicles say that she organized a coup against Kyawswa in 1297, and remained an ''éminence grise'' well into the 1310s. She is said to have given her blessing to King Thihathu's claim as the rightful successor of the Pagan kings in 1313. However, one analysis of the contemporary inscriptions, though not universally accepted, finds that she may have died as early as 1295/96, and that the Pwa Saw who lived in the early 14th century was Saw Thitmahti.==Background==Much of her life known in Burmese popular culture is from the Burmese chronicles from the 18th and 19th centuries. Inscriptional evidence tells a far different story. Modern historians are divided on whether the chronicle narratives contain more myth than fact.Locklard 2009: 43–44According to the chronicles, Saw Hla Wun was born to a wealthy farming family in a small village named Hseit-htein Kanbyu ()Spelling per (Hmannan Vol 1 2003: 335, 338). ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 236) spells it as ဆိတ်တိန်းကမ်းဖြူ, Hseit-tein Kanbyu. in the Mount Popa region c. 1240–44.She was 11 when she became a junior wife of Uzana in the month of Nadaw (~November/December) in an unspecified year. Since Uzana reigned from c. May 1251 to May 1256, she was born sometime between 1240 and 1244. Furthermore, (Lockard 2009: 43) says she was born c. 1237. He seems to have simply subtracted her chronicle reported age of 12 from the ''Hmannan Yazawin'' chronicle reported accession date of Uzana, 1249. This has three issues: (1) the age of 12 in the Burmese chronicles is equal to 11 in Western age reckoning; (2) ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'', considered to be the most accurate chronicle for the Pagan period, says Uzana came to power in 1251; and (3) chronicles do not say that Uzana met her in the first year of his reign as Lockard has assumed. Apparently a precocious child, Hla Wun became well known in the region for her intellect and supposed clairvoyance at a young age. One November, King Uzana, who was en route to Mount Popa to pay respects to the Mahagiri spirit there, heard the news about her, and had her brought before him. The king is said to have been greatly impressed by her intelligence, and made her a junior queen of his.Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 335–336(Pe, Luce 1960: 157): "less than a queen, more than a concubine".However, a contemporary inscription dedicated by the queen herself states that she was a granddaughter of King Kyaswa and Queen Saw Mon Hla. She was the second child of seven; she had an elder sister Yadanabon, and three younger brothers and two younger sisters. Her mother was an elder sister of Queen Thonlula, the chief queen of Uzana.Ba Shin 1982: 37 It means that Hla Wun was a niece of Thonlula, as well as a first cousin, once removed of Uzana.」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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